A recent report from Rutgers University showed that pre-schoolers in New Jersey have the highest rates of autism ever seen in the United States. This observation is against a backdrop of increasing autism rates nationally over the last twenty years, but New Jersey seems to report rates of autism that have increased faster than any other state.
Study conducted in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
The study was conducted in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and states that up to three percent of children in the United States are affected by autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
By definition, ASD affects people in different ways – which is why it is referred to as a spectrum disorder. Symptoms manifest with differing degrees of severity.
Two main characteristics of autism
There do seem to be two main characteristics of autism, however. The first is a difficulty with socialization, including direct social interactions and verbal and nonverbal communication. The second characteristic is the engagement in repetitive, compulsory behaviors, routines, and activities.
Some specific symptoms typically singled out as potential indicators of ASD
Specific symptoms that are typically singled out as potential indicators of ASD are delayed speech development, rejection of physical gestures of affection, eye contact avoidance, lack of interest in social activities and repetitive play engaged in isolation without imaginative play.
One in 35 diagnosed with autism by their fourth birthday in New Jersey
One in 35 children are diagnosed with autism by their fourth birthday in New Jersey. These children are typically diagnosed early because they present with moderate to severe symptoms, which catch the attention of pediatricians.
Study analyzed data from health and special education records of 129,354 children
The study analyzed data from the health and special education records of 129,354 children who turned 4 between 2010 and 2014, along with 128,655 children who were 8 years old during the same period. Guidelines for ASD in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV were used for the study’s primary findings.
The data for New Jersey was sourced from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network (ADDM), a network that has monitored rates of autism diagnoses for almost 20 years.
Along with researchers in New Jersey, researchers in Arizona, Colorado, Missouri, North Carolina, Utah, and Wisconsin analyzed health records of almost 71,000 children.
Among 4-year-olds, the rate of autism increased by 43 percent from 2010 to 2014
Walter Zahorodny, an associate professor at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School who was responsible for running the study in New Jersey, explained that among 4-year-olds, the rate of autism increased by 43 percent from 2010 to 2014, with 1 in 23 four-year-old boys being diagnosed with autism. He also said that the increasing rates of autism in children show no signs of slowing.
“The explosive rate of autism is impossible to ignore. There’s no let-up. I really don’t understand why the rate is going up in this way,” said Dr. Walter Zahorodny.
Discussing the prevalence of ASD in children of 4 years of age, the estimated prevalence of ASD was “13.4 per 1,000 in 2010, 15.3 in 2012, and 17.0 in 2014.”
Disparities in ASD prevalence also highlighted in the study
Disparities in ASD prevalence was also highlighted by the study, with the prevalence of ASD in 4-year-old white children standing at 7.7 per 1,000 children in Missouri (2014), but 29.3 in New Jersey (2014).
Data for black children in New Jersey showed a prevalence of 24.7 per 1,000 (2014), and prevalence in Hispanic children was 28.2 per 1,000 in New Jersey (2014).
It was found that across all the sites studied, ASD prevalence was higher in boys than in girls, ranging from 2.6 in Arizona and Wisconsin (2010) to 5.2 boys per one girl in Colorado (2014).
“An absence or delay in ASD identification could adversely affect children by delaying interventions and initiation of special services”
“We must take swift and systematic action to increase access to and fund medically necessary treatment for every child with autism. Early identification is crucial to helping families access services for these pre-schoolers, who need intensive treatment to learn developmentally appropriate skills and maximize their potential,” said Suzanne Buchanan, Executive Director, Autism New Jersey.
Zahorodny deemed the results to be “consistent, broad and startling,” believing that “It’s very likely that the next time we survey autism among children, the rate will be even higher.”
Source:
- Deborah L. Christensen, Matthew J. Maenner, Deborah Bilder, John N. Constantino, Julie Daniels, Maureen S. Durkin, Robert T. Fitzgerald, Margaret Kurzius-Spencer, Sydney D. Pettygrove, Cordelia Robinson, Josephine Shenouda, Tiffany White, Walter Zahorodny, Karen Pazol, Patricia Dietz. Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 4 Years — Early Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, Seven Sites, United States, 2010, 2012, and 2014. MMWR. Surveillance Summaries, 2019; 68 (2): 1 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.ss6802a1
Razi Berry is the founder and publisher of the journal Naturopathic Doctor News & Review, which has been in print since 2005, and the premier consumer-faced website of naturopathic medicine, NaturalPath. She is the host of The Natural Cancer Prevention Summit and The Heart Revolution-Heal, Empower and Follow Your Heart, and the popular 10 week Sugar Free Summer program. From a near death experience as a young girl that healed her failing heart, to later overcoming infertility and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia through naturopathic medicine, Razi has lived the mind/body healing paradigm. Her projects uniquely capture the tradition and philosophy of naturopathy: The healing power of nature, the vital life force in every living thing and the undeniable role that science and mind/body medicine have in creating health and overcoming dis-ease. Follow Razi on Facebook at Razi Berry and join us at Love is Medicine to explore the convergence of love and health.